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Original Research
Wholegrain Particle Size Influences Postprandial Glycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Crossover Study Comparing Four Wholegrain Breads
Andrew N. Reynolds, Jim Mann, Mona Elbalshy, Evelyn Mete, Caleb Robinson, Indrawati Oey, Pat Silcock, Nerida Downes, Tracy Perry, Lisa Te Morenga
Diabetes Care 2019 Nov; dc191466. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc19-1466
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE Wholegrain foods vary in the extent of processing. We investigated whether wholegrain particle size in bread influences postprandial glycemia in type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Postprandial glycemia (incremental area under the blood glucose curve [iAUC]) was measured after consumption of three breads made with roller-milled wholegrain flour and added grains and a fourth made with stoneground flour. All flours and grains were 100% wholegrain wheat. Breads were nutrient matched.

RESULTS Fifteen adults (64 ± 10 years, HbA1c 58 ± 13 mmol/mol) completed the study. iAUC for the three breads made with roller-milled flour ranged from 376 to 641 mmol−1min−1, inverse linear trend for grain particle size P = 0.039. The iAUC for stoneground wholegrain bread (503) was smaller than predicted from mean particle size.

CONCLUSIONS Wholegrain structural integrity in bread is a determinant of glycemic response. These findings have implications for dietary advice and the definition of the term “‘wholegrain.”

Footnotes

  • This article contains Supplementary Data online at http://care.diabetesjournals.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.2337/dc19-1466/-/DC1.

  • Received July 24, 2019.
  • Accepted October 27, 2019.
  • © 2019 by the American Diabetes Association.
http://www.diabetesjournals.org/content/license

Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. More information is available at http://www.diabetesjournals.org/content/license.

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April 2021
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Wholegrain Particle Size Influences Postprandial Glycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Crossover Study Comparing Four Wholegrain Breads
Andrew N. Reynolds, Jim Mann, Mona Elbalshy, Evelyn Mete, Caleb Robinson, Indrawati Oey, Pat Silcock, Nerida Downes, Tracy Perry, Lisa Te Morenga
Diabetes Care Nov 2019, dc191466; DOI: 10.2337/dc19-1466

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Wholegrain Particle Size Influences Postprandial Glycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Crossover Study Comparing Four Wholegrain Breads
Andrew N. Reynolds, Jim Mann, Mona Elbalshy, Evelyn Mete, Caleb Robinson, Indrawati Oey, Pat Silcock, Nerida Downes, Tracy Perry, Lisa Te Morenga
Diabetes Care Nov 2019, dc191466; DOI: 10.2337/dc19-1466
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