Table 9

Diabetes care tasks for school personnel

Diabetes care tasks	Signs^*	Treatment	Outcome if not treated
Hypoglycemia recognition and treatment	Catecholamine effect (sweating, jitteriness, tachycardia, and palpitations) or neuroglycopenia (behavior change)	Glucose, wait 15 min, recheck, give food if blood glucose is adequate (based on DMMP)	Seizure or coma
		Know when and how to give glucagon
		Know when to contact parents or emergency medical services
		Have all contact information available on emergency plan
Hyperglycemia recognition and treatment	Polyuria, polydipsia (most common), difficulty concentrating, headache, or irritability	Rapid- or short-acting insulin	Check for ketones. Follow directions for ketones if positive to avoid ketoacidosis
		Dose and frequency should be clearly elucidated on emergency plan to avoid “insulin stacking” and consequent hypoglycemia (DMMP)
		Insulin dosing technique (syringe/vial, pens, pumps)
		Insulin required (DMMP)
		Ketone checks and when to call parents
		Correction factor calculations and insulin for hyperglycemia and ketones