Table 4—

Relationship between blood glucose self-testing and QoL: results of multiple regression analyses

QoL domain	Insulin-treated patients				Non–insulin-treated patients
	Frequency of blood glucose self-testing				Frequency of blood glucose self-testing
	≥1/day (n = 212)		≥1/week (n = 209)		≥1/day (n = 227)		≥1/week (n = 641)
	β (SEM)	P	β (SEM)	P	β (SEM)	P	β (SEM)	P
Diabetes-related stress	−2.49 (2.20)	0.26	−5.49 (2.17)	0.01	2.06 (1.51)	0.17	1.07 (1.00)	0.29
Diabetes health distress	−2.44 (2.71)	0.37	−2.86 (2.68)	0.29	8.17 (1.87)	0.0001	5.52 (1.25)	0.0001
Diabetes-related worries	3.22 (2.61)	0.22	−0.42 (2.59)	0.87	10.88 (2.21)	0.0001	3.67 (1.47)	0.01
Depressive symptoms	−1.03 (1.77)	0.56	−3.16 (1.75)	0.07	2.27 (1.17)	0.05	0.71 (0.78)	0.36

All analyses are adjusted for the following variables: age, gender, living status, education, TIBI, BMI, duration of diabetes, treatment, number of insulin injections, frequency of hypoglycemic symptoms, ability to self-adjust insulin doses, HbA_1c value, setting of care. The β parameters are estimated by considering a frequency <1/week as the reference category.