Health status and outcomes for type 2 diabetic adults
| Health care outcome | Non-Hispanic Caucasian | Non-Hispanic African-American | Mexican-American |
|---|---|---|---|
| HbA1c ≥7.0% | 55.1 | 58.2 | 65.5* |
| BMI ≥30 kg/m2 | |||
| Men | 43.5 | 34.3 | 37.0 |
| Women | 45.5 | 53.7 | 48.2 |
| Microalbuminuria | 29.6 | 27.3 | 26.3 |
| Clinical proteinuria | 5.2 | 13.6† | 11.2* |
| Previously diagnosed hypertension | |||
| Blood pressure <140/90 mmHg | 45.2 | 39.6 | 34.7 |
| Blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg | 54.8 | 60.4 | 65.3 |
| Previously diagnosed dyslipidemia | |||
| LDL cholesterol <130 mg/dl | 35.4 | 23.9 | 37.9 |
| LDL cholesterol ≥130 mg/dl | 64.6 | 76.1 | 62.1 |
| Serum total cholesterol (mg/dl) | |||
| <200 | 31.1 | 35.7 | 38.1 |
| 200–239 | 34.5 | 33.9 | 33.8 |
| ≥240 | 34.4 | 30.4 | 28.1 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | |||
| <35 | 28.9 | 13.0† | 20.1‡ |
| 35–45 | 32.7 | 28.0 | 33.9 |
| >45 | 38.4 | 59.0† | 46.0‡ |
| Triglyceride (mg/dl) | |||
| <200 | 57.1 | 74.8† | 57.3 |
| 200–399 | 30.8 | 19.7* | 27.9 |
| ≥400 | 12.1 | 5.5‡ | 14.8 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | |||
| <100 | 15.4 | 19.6 | 21.1‡ |
| 100–129 | 32.8 | 24.9‡ | 36.4 |
| 130–159 | 30.6 | 28.6 | 26.6 |
| ≥160 | 21.2 | 26.9 | 15.9 |
| Lipoprotein(a) >30 mg/dl | 20.1 | 58.8† | 21.3 |
| Homocysteine >15 μmol/l | 13.9 | 11.5 | 6.5‡ |
| Cigarette smoker | 18.0 | 23.9 | 17.7 |
| Hospitalized in past 12 months | 27.1 | 27.9 | 22.6 |
Data are %. The upper limit of normal for HbA1c in the assay system is 6.1%, defined as the mean + 2 SD (5.27 + 0.85%) for the group of people with fasting plasma glucose <110 mg/dl and 2-h postchallenge glucose <140 mg/dl. Samples sizes for previously diagnosed hypertension (n = 618) and previously diagnosed dyslipidemia (n = 302) exclude subjects who have not been diagnosed with these conditions; dyslipidemia data also exclude subjects with triglyceride levels ≥400 mg/dl for whom the Friedewald equation to compute LDL cholesterol is not valid.
↵* P < 0.01
↵† P < 0.001
↵‡ P < 0.05 compared with non-Hispanic Caucasians.