Unadjusted prevalence of depression in controlled and uncontrolled studies and subsets thereof
| Grouping of studies | Controlled studies | Diabetic subjects: uncontrolled studies | Diabetic subjects: controlled + uncontrolled studies | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nondiabetic subjects | Diabetic subjects | |||
| All studies | 11.4 (18) | 20.5 (18)* | 29.7 (21)† | 25.3 (39) |
| Type 1 | 8.6 (3) | 21.7 (3)* | 21.2 (10) | 21.3 (13) |
| Type 2 | 6.4 (7) | 16.5 (7)* | 33.8 (8)† | 27.0 (15) |
| Male | 9.3 (7) | 15.0 (7)* | 20.7 (8)† | 18.0 (15) |
| Female | 16.3 (7) | 24.3 (7)* | 33.0 (8)† | 28.2 (15) |
| Community | 12.7 (11) | 19.0 (11)* | 39.7 (1)† | 20.1 (12) |
| Clinic | 15.1 (7) | 26.7 (7)* | 32.7 (19)† | 31.7 (26) |
| Diagnostic interview | 5.0 (7) | 9.0 (7)* | 14.2 (7)† | 11.4 (14) |
| Self-report | 14.4 (11) | 26.1 (11)* | 34.9 (14)† | 31.0 (25) |
Data are % (n); n indicates number of studies used in the calculation.
↵* The prevalence of depression was greater in diabetic subjects compared with nondiabetic control subjects (P < .001);
↵† the prevalence of depression in diabetic individuals was greater in uncontrolled studies compared with controlled studies (P < 0.05).