Twelve subjects positive for two or more d-aab at initial sampling
| Subject | Sex | Ethnicity | Age screened | Years to dx | GADA | ICA512A | IAA | ICA | HLA-DQ haplotypes | ins5′ VNTR | CTLA-4 | MIC-A |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7197 | M | Caucasian | 14.4 | 6.1 | 0.09 | 1.52 | 0.00 | 158 | A0501-B0301; A0301-B0302 | C/C | 102 120 | 5.0 6.0 |
| 7664 | F | Caucasian | 16.9 | 3.0 | 0.57 | 0.00 | 0.08 | 19 | A0501-B0201; A0501-B0201 | C/C | 104 106 | 5.1 5.1 |
| 10211 | F | Hispanic | 13.1 | 1.3 | 0.09 | 1.06 | 0.04 | 39 | A0501-B0201; A0301-B0302 | C/N | 084 084 | 4.0 4.0 |
| 10262 | F | Caucasian | 15.3 | 2.4 | 0.25 | 0.59 | 0.68 | 19 | A0401-B0402; A0301-B0302 | C/C | 084 102 | 5.0 9.0 |
| 21038 | F | Caucasian | 14.5 | 3.2 | 0.35 | 0.25 | 0.05 | 21 | A0401-B0402; A0301-B0302 | C/C | 084 102 | 5.0 5.1 |
| 20703 | M | Caucasian | 12.7 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.36 | 0.05 | 6 | A0501-B0201; A0301-B0201 | C/C | 084 102 | 5.0 5.1 |
| 7035 | M | Caucasian | 17.8 | Healthy | 0.75 | 0.00 | 0.25 | 19 | A0501-B0201; A0201-B0303 | C/C | 102 102 | 4.0 9.0 |
| 9347 | M | Caucasian | 13.7 | Healthy | 0.41 | 0.00 | 0.09 | 11 | A0501-B0201; A0101-B0501 | C/N | 084 102 | 5.1 5.1 |
| 7147 | F | Caucasian | 16.3 | Healthy | 0.27 | 0.00 | 0.11 | 4 | A0401-B0402; A0301-B0302 | C/C | 084 084 | 5.0 9.0 |
| 11215 | F | Caucasian | 12.6 | Healthy | 0.97 | 0.02 | 0.18 | 158 | A0501-B0201; A0301-B0302 | C/C | 084 084 | 5.0 5.1 |
| 9270 | F | Caucasian | 14.5 | Healthy | 0.09 | 0.10 | 0.00 | 4 | A0101-B0603; A0301-B0302 | C/C | 122 122 | 5.1 6.0 |
| 11320 | F | Caucasian | 13.5 | Healthy | 0.13 | 0.21 | 0.01 | 70 | A0301-B0302; A0301-B0302 | C/C | 124 102 | 4.0 6.0 |
Detailed immunogenetic analysis of 12 subjects with two or more defined autoantibodies at initial sampling. Autoantibody indices above the 99th percentile are in bold, and those above only the 97.5th percentile are in italics. For all genotypes, bolding denotes diabetes risk. Overall HLA DQ genotypes were assigned as susceptible or resistant based on published relative risks. The insulin gene promoter was typed by PCR/restriction fragment–length polymorphism. C, cutter (susceptible); N, noncutter (resistant) (41). For CTLA-4, 3′ untranslated region microsatellite allele 102 is in bold to indicate susceptibility, as shown in other autoimmune diseases (35). MHC Class I Chain Associated (MIC-A) coding region microsatellite alleles 5.0 and 5.1 are in bold to denote susceptibility (34). Ins, insulin; dx, diagnosis.