Clinical and histological features in PCA+ versus PCA− type 1 diabetic patients
| PCA+ | PCA− | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n (M/F) | 47 (26/21) | 41 (25/16) | NS |
| Age (years) | 41 ± 13 | 43 ± 13 | NS |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 19 ± 12 | 22 ± 10 | NS |
| GADA+ | 37 (79) | 23 (56) | 0.038 |
| H+/K+ ATPase (units/ml) | 234.7 ± 325.3 | 7.9 ± 10.5 | 0.007 |
| HP+ | 24 (51) | 23 (56) | NS |
| Iron deficiency anemia | 15 (32) | 5 (12) | 0.04 |
| Pernicious anemia | 11 (23) | 1 (2) | 0.005 |
| Gastrin (ng/l) | 265 ± 292 | 127 ± 69 | 0.027 |
| Hypergastrinemia (gastrin > 110 ng/l) | 22 (47) | 9 (22) | 0.025 |
| Hypochlorhydria (n tested 42) | 11/15 | 5/27 | 0.0008 |
| Maximal acid output (mmol H+/h) | 7.8 ± 7.0 | 16.9 ± 10.4 | 0.004 |
| Autoimmune atrophic gastritis | 27 (57) | 4 (10) | <0.0001 |
| HP-associated gastritis | 10 (21) | 17 (41) | NS |
| Parietal cell mass (%) | 20 ± 10 | 29 ± 6 | <0.0001 |
| Corpus atrophy | 1 (0–3) | 0 (0–2) | 0.02 |
| Corpus HP | 1 (0–3) | 0 (0–2) | NS |
| Corpus inflammation | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–2) | NS |
| Corpus metaplasia | 0 (0–3) | 0 (0–2) | NS |
| Corpus intestinal metaplasia | 11 (23) | 1 (2) | 0.004 |
| Distribution of lymphocytic infiltration | 2 (0–3) | 2 (0–3) | 0.038 |
| Degree of lymphocytic infiltration | 2 (0–4) | 2 (0–3) | NS |
| Lymphocytic destruction of glands | 0 (0–3) | 0 (0–1) | NS (0.06) |
| State of the oxyntic glands | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–1) | 0.014 |
| State of the intact parietal cells | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–0) | NS |
| ECL cell+ | 7 (15) | 0 (0) | 0.013 |
| B-cells (counts/mm2) | 1,461 ± 516 | 698 ± 379 | 0.031 |
| T-cells (counts/mm2) | 645 ± 266 | 278 ± 147 | 0.032 |
Data are means ± SD, median (range), or n (%).