Clinical characteristics
| Clinical characteristics | n | Means ± SD or percent |
|---|---|---|
| Type 2 diabetes | 95.6 | |
| Treatment intensity | ||
| Diet | 25.4 | |
| Oral hypoglycemic | 59.0 | |
| Insulin, alone, or plus oral medications | 30.1 | |
| Number of HbA1c tests in prior year | 2.2 ± 1.3 | |
| HbA1c level (%) | 7.8 ± 1.6 | |
| Number of diabetes complications | 1.4 ± 1.5 | |
| Major depression | 12.0 | |
| BMI >30 kg/m2 | 48.9 | |
| Smoker | 8.7 | |
| General self-care activities (days performed in the past week) | 4,463 | |
| Healthy eating once weekly or less | 9.8 | |
| Five servings of fruits/vegetables once weekly or less | 21.6 | |
| High-fat foods ≥6 days | 12.4 | |
| Physical activity once weekly or less (≥30 min) | 29.3 | |
| Specific exercise session once weekly or less | 47.8 | |
| Diabetes-specific self-care (patients on hypoglycemic medications or insulin) | 3,439 | |
| Tested blood sugar once weekly or less | 17.9 | |
| Tested recommended times once weekly or less | 24.8 | |
| Checked feet once weekly or less | 20.1 | |
| Checked inside of shoes once weekly or less | 59.9 | |
| Medication adherence | 2,655 | |
| Nonadherence to oral hypoglycemic medicines in prior year | 19.5 (64.7 days) |