Domain scores from studies that could not be explored further meta-analytically
Cognitive domains | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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First author (ref.) | Group 1 | Group 2 | Overall intelligence | Working memory | Learning immediate memory | Delayed memory | Psychomotor efficiency | Speed of information process | Motor speed | Attention | Cognitive flexibility | Visual perception | Language | |||||||||||||
Hung et al. (33) | Poor MC | Good MC | — | 0.18 | −0.71 | — | — | — | — | — | 0.17 | — | — | |||||||||||||
Skenazy et al. (19) | Vis imp | Non vis imp | 0.23 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.29 | |||||||||||||
Holmes (7) | Poor MC | Good MC | −0.31 | — | — | — | — | −0.53 | 0.38 | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||
Holmes et al. (34) | Poor MC | Good MC | −0.10 | — | — | — | 0.14 | −0.73 | 0.64 | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||
Prescott et al. (35) | Good MC | Good MC | — | — | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||
Widom et al. (21) | Poor MC | Good MC | — | — | — | — | −0.33 | — | — | 0.17 | 0.89 | — | — | |||||||||||||
Ryan et al. (27) | Compl | No compl | 0.23 | — | −0.24 | — | — | — | −0.80 | −0.28 | 0.10 | −0.35 | — | |||||||||||||
Gold et al. (38) | IHA | NHA | −0.33 | — | — | — | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||
Maran et al. (28) | Poor MC | Good MC | — | — | — | — | — | 0.45 | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||
Kramer et al. (30) | Poor MC | Good MC | 0.28 | — | — | — | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||
Strachan et al. (42) | IHA | NHA | — | — | −0.10 | −0.13 | −0.77 | 0 | — | −0.63 | −0.54 | — | — | |||||||||||||
Ferguson et al. (8) | R | No R | −0.31 | — | — | — | −0.48 | −0.59 | — | −0.40 | −0.34 | — | — |
Data are Cohen’s d. Negative effects sizes reflect worse performance in group 1. Compl, diabetes complications; IHA, impaired awareness of hypoglycemia; MC, metabolic control; NHA, normal awareness of hypoglycemia; Vis imp, visually impaired; R, retinopathy.