Characteristics of the study population
| CSII | MDI | |
|---|---|---|
| Subjects randomized (n) | 53 | 54 |
| Age (years) | 66.6 ± 5.9 | 66.2 ± 4.5 |
| Sex (male) | 38 (72) | 24 (44) |
| Race | ||
| Caucasian | 43 (81) | 49 (91) |
| Black | 4 (8) | 2 (4) |
| Hispanic | 4 (8) | 2 (4) |
| Other | 2 (4) | 1 (2) |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 16.9 ± 9.0 | 15.4 ± 8.9 |
| Prior diabetes treatment | ||
| Insulin only | 30 (57) | 33 (61) |
| Insulin and oral agent(s) | 23 (43) | 21 (39) |
| Prior insulin treatment (years) | 8.1 ± 8.3 | 8.2 ± 7.7 |
| History of diabetes complications* | ||
| Retinopathy | 20 (42) | 19 (36) |
| Nephropathy | 9 (17) | 7 (13) |
| Neuropathy | 37 (72) | 32 (59) |
| History of cardiovascular complications* | ||
| Hypertension | 38 (72) | 41 (76) |
| Dyslipidemia | 31 (58) | 41 (76) |
| Cigarette smoking (current) | 2 (4) | 3 (6) |
| Angina/myocardial infarction/heart failure | 24 (45) | 17 (32) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 32.5 ± 5.8 | 31.8 ± 5.8 |
| A1C (%) | 8.4 ± 1.1 | 8.1 ± 1.2 |
Data are means ± SD or n (%).
↵* Self-reported.