Interrelation between 25(OH)D, BMI, and A1C in the 1958 British birth cohort (aged 45 years)
| Geometric mean | 25(OH)D (nmol/l) | P | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <25 | 25–49.9 | 50–74.9 | ≥75 | ||||||
| All | 7.8 (561) | 33.4 (2,424) | 34.2 (2,459) | 24.2 (1,745) | |||||
| BMI* | |||||||||
| Normal | 54.6† | 7.8 (196) | 29.3 (738) | 34.0 (857) | 29.0 (731) | ||||
| Overweight | 53.9 | 6.1 (181) | 32.6 (968) | 36.1 (1,072) | 25.3 (753) | ||||
| Obese | 47.8 | 9.3 (112) | 40.9 (497) | 32.1 (390) | 17.7 (215) | ||||
| Severely obese | 42.6 | 15.0 (72) | 46.1 (221) | 29.2 (140) | 9.6 (46) | ||||
| P < 0.0001 | |||||||||
| A1C | |||||||||
| All | 5.37 | 5.26 | 5.16 | 5.12 | <0.0001 | ||||
| BMI* | |||||||||
| Normal | 5.12‡ | 5.15 | 5.17 | 5.11 | 5.09 | <0.0001 | |||
| Overweight | 5.15 | 5.30 | 5.18 | 5.15 | 5.12 | <0.0001 | |||
| Obese | 5.30 | 5.55 | 5.31 | 5.21 | 5.20 | <0.0001 | |||
| Severely obese | 5.63 | 5.68 | 5.75 | 5.47 | 5.44 | 0.0001 | |||
| P < 0.0001 | |||||||||
Data are (%) n or geometric mean. All means are standardized by sex and season. P values test for trend in linear regression is adjusted for sex and season.
↵* Normal: BMI <25 kg/m2, n = 2,522; overweight, BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2, n = 2,974; obese: BMI 30–34.9 kg/m2, n = 1,214; and severely obese: BMI >35 kg/m2, n = 479.
↵† Geometric mean of 25(OH)D.
↵‡ Geometric mean of A1C.