Table 2—

Comparison of glucose and insulin response to a test meal and nateglinide, glibenclamide, or placebo in the 15 patients with MODY3 patients

	Nateglinide	P₁	Glibenclamide	P₂	Placebo	P₃
Plasma glucose (mmol/l)
Fasting	7.9 (5.6)	NS	7.8 (2.2)	NS	7.8 (2.7)	NS
Peak	9.8 (8.9)	0.031	11.5 (6.6)	0.031	12.7 (7.2)	<0.0001
140 min	9.1 (7.8)	0.029	7.1 (9.2)	0.0001	10.4 (9.9)	0.0038
170 min	7.3 (7.0)	0.004	6.3 (8.0)*	0.0005	8.3 (10.3)	0.0018
260 min	6.4 (4.9)	0.006	5.5 (3.9)†	0.0002	7.6 (7.8)	0.0124
Δ_Peak‡	3.3 (2.9)	0.031	4.5 (3.9)	NS	4.7 (3.5)	<0.0001
Δ_{140 min}‡	1.85 (2.85)	0.026	−0.3 (5.6)	0.0019	2.7 (4.7)	0.0008
AUC_{140 min}§	101 (294)	0.041	186 (391)	0.027	250 (348)	<0.0001
Urine glucose (mmol/l)
Fasting	0 (20.4)	NS	1.4 (37.1)	NS	(21.3)	NS
140 min	15.4 (59.8)	NS	42.7 (74.0)	NS	33.0 (97.0)	NS (0.06)
260 min	3.8 (52.8)	NS	10.4 (70.1)	NS	46.0 (67.9)	NS
Serum insulin (mU/l)
Fasting	5.8 (4.3)	NS	5.2 (4.5)	NS	6.0 (5.4)	NS
Peak	47.0 (26.0)	0.023	80.4 (71.7)	0.0002	33.7 (24.9)	<0.001
AUC_{140 min}§	2,912 (1,668)	0.024	3,253 (3,888)	0.0002	1,652 (2,150)	0.002
Hypoglycemia (n)‖	0/15	0.030	6/15	0.030	0/15	NS

Data are median (interquartile range). Each patient participated in the test three times receiving in double-blind random order: 1) placebo at time 0 min and 30 mg nateglinide at 20 min, 2) 1.25 mg glibenclamide at 0 min and placebo at 20 min, or 3) placebo at both 0 and 20 min. The subjects ingested a test meal between 30 and 45 min. P₁: nateglinide vs. glibenclamide visits; P₂: glibenclamide vs. placebo visits; P₃: nateglinide vs. placebo visits.
*
↵* n = 14 and
†
↵† n = 12 due to hypoglycemia.
‡
↵‡ Difference between peak or 140 min glucose and fasting glucose.
§
↵§ AUC, incremental area under the curve during 0–140 min.
‖
↵‖ Plasma glucose ≤3.5 mmol/l.