Characteristics of diabetic participants at baseline
| No previous CVD | Previous CVD | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 2,008 | 116 | — |
| Age (years) | 57 ± 8 | 61 ± 8 | <0.0001 |
| Sex (% female) | 64 | 37 | <0.0001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 131 ± 21 | 135 ± 21 | 0.039 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 77 ± 10 | 78 ± 11 | 0.54 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 32 ± 7 | 31 ± 6 | 0.10 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 43 ± 12 | 39 ± 9 | 0.0002 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 103 ± 32 | 110 ± 34 | 0.028 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl)* | 143 ± 180 | 166 ± 201 | 0.011 |
| Fibrinogen (mg/dl) | 325 ± 86 | 310 ± 76 | 0.075 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dl) | 208 ± 82 | 180 ± 64 | 0.0004 |
| 2-h glucose (mg/dl) | 297 ± 122 | 267 ± 115 | 0.126 |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 9.3 ± 9.3 | 11.8 ± 10.6 | 0.0118 |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.5 ± 2.5 | 8.0 ± 2.1 | 0.020 |
| Current smoking (%) | 27 | 24 | 0.560 |
| Urinary albumin/creatinine (%) | |||
| Normal | 49 | 46 | 0.422† |
| Microalbuminuria | 31 | 32 | — |
| Macroalbuminuria | 20 | 23 | — |
Data are means ± SD unless otherwise indicated. Student’s t test and χ2 tests were used to compare continuous and categorical variables, respectively.
↵* Triglyceride data were log transformed for analyses and back transformed for report. The triglyceride SD is reported as the coefficient of variation; the values are the geometric means.
↵† χ2 test with 2 degrees of freedom.