Univariate associates of SMBG at study entry
| No SMBG | Any SMBG | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 386 | 900 | |
| Age (years) | 66.1 ± 12.3 | 63.2 ± 10.7 | <0.001 |
| Sex (male) | 47.4 | 49.3 | 0.54 |
| Diabetes duration (years) | 4.0 (1.4–10.0) | 3.9 (0.9–8.9) | 0.08 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.7 ± 6.1 | 29.5 ± 5.2 | 0.65 |
| A1C (%) | 7.6 (6.4–8.9) | 7.3 (6.4–8.8) | 0.12 |
| FPG (mmol/l) | 8.4 (6.9–11.3) | 8.5 (6.8–10.7) | 0.35 |
| Diabetes control | |||
| Diet and exercise | 35.9 | 30.4 | 0.06 |
| OHA | 56.8 | 55.7 | 0.76 |
| Insulin (±OHA) | 7.3 | 13.9 | 0.001 |
| Self-reported hypoglycemia | 21.3 | 33.5 | <0.001 |
| Ever attended diabetes education | 40.7 | 79.3 | <0.001 |
| Coronary heart disease | 34.0 | 30.6 | 0.24 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 10.6 | 9.4 | 0.54 |
| Urinary ACR | |||
| Normal | 54.6 | 60.0 | 0.08 |
| Microalbuminuria | 33.2 | 32.1 | 0.74 |
| Macroalbuminuria | 12.2 | 7.8 | 0.017 |
| Retinopathy | 16.8 | 16.2 | 0.80 |
| Neuropathy | 32.3 | 30.1 | 0.46 |
| Educated > primary level | 72.4 | 74.9 | 0.36 |
| Not fluent in English | 16.8 | 14.6 | 0.31 |
| Married/de facto relationship | 57.9 | 69.1 | <0.001 |
| Indigenous Australian | 2.3 | 1.0 | 0.07 |
| General practitioner | |||
| Attended in previous year | 81.9 | 83.0 | 0.63 |
| Diabetes clinic/medical specialist | |||
| Attended in previous year | 23.6 | 38.3 | <0.001 |
| Any exercise in past 2 weeks | 67.1 | 74.1 | 0.012 |
| Smoking status | |||
| Never | 45.4 | 44.4 | 0.76 |
| Ex | 40.5 | 40.0 | 0.90 |
| Current | 14.1 | 15.5 | 0.55 |
| Daily alcohol consumption (standard drinks/day) | 0 (0.0–0.8) | 0 (0.0–0.3) | 0.027 |
| Rosser Index | 0.986 (0.967–1.000) | 0.986 (0.956–0.995) | 0.040 |
| DQOL | |||
| Satisfaction | 1.5 (1.2–2.0) | 1.6 (1.2–2.1) | 0.37 |
| Worry | 1.5 (1.2–2.0) | 1.5 (1.2–2.0) | 0.56 |
| Frequency | 1.8 (1.5–2.2) | 1.8 (1.5–2.2) | 0.68 |
| Total | 1.7 (1.4–2.1) | 1.7 (1.4–2.1) | 0.88 |
Data are percent, means ± SD, or median (interquartile range). ACR, albumin-to-creatinine ratio.