Proportion of type 2 diabetes in youth attributable to intrauterine exposure to maternal diabetes and overweight/obesity
| Exposure category | Case patients | Control youth | OR (95% CI)* | PAF† | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Not exposed to either maternal diabetes or maternal obesity | 36.7 | 68.9 | 1 | Unexposed | |||
| Exposed to maternal diabetes only | 6.3 | 3.7 | 3.9 (1.1–14.5) | 4.7 | |||
| Exposed to maternal obesity only | 32.9 | 24.7 | 2.5 (1.3–5.0) | 19.7 | |||
| Exposed to both maternal diabetes and maternal obesity | 24.1 | 2.6 | 19.2 (6.1–60.8) | 22.8 | |||
| Overall proportion of type 2 diabetes in youth attributable to in utero exposure to maternal diabetes and obesity | 47.2 (30.9–63.5)‡ | ||||||
Data are % unless indicated otherwise.
↵* ORs for the association between mutually exclusive exposure categories and case/control status, additionally adjusted for age, sex, and race/ethnicity.
↵† PAFs were calculated using the formula: Pi [(ORi − 1)/ORi], where Pi is the proportion of case patients in each exposure category and ORi is the adjusted OR comparing each exposed group with the unexposed reference category (i = 0).
↵‡ Calculated using the formula: Σ √Pi [(ORi − 1)/ORi].