Demographic and clinical characteristics for African Americans and Caucasians with type 2 diabetes
| Total | African American | Caucasian | P* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 3,148 | 1,703 | 1,445 | — |
| Age (years) | 61 ± 10 | 60 ± 10 | 62 ± 10 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30 ± 5.6 | 30 ± 5.5 | 30 ± 5.7 | 0.27 |
| Resting heart rate (beats/min) | 76 ± 14 | 76 ± 14 | 76 ± 14 | 0.82 |
| Resting systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 135 ± 21 | 136 ± 22 | 134 ± 21 | 0.1 |
| Resting diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 80 ± 12 | 81 ± 12 | 78 ± 12 | <0.001 |
| CVD (%) | 49.7 | 51.7 | 47.3 | <0.001 |
| Smoking (%) | 42 | 35.1 | 50.2 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension (%) | 73.6 | 75.6 | 71.3 | 0.007 |
| Family history of coronary heart disease | 14.8 | 12.3 | 18.8 | <0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia (%) | 26.9 | 34.6 | 17.9 | <0.001 |
| β-Blockers (%) | 18.3 | 13.1 | 24.4 | <0.001 |
| Calcium channel blockers (%) | 21.4 | 20.6 | 22.4 | 0.23 |
| ACE inhibitors (%) | 37.5 | 34.6 | 40.9 | <0.001 |
| Diuretics (%) | 15.7 | 18.6 | 12.3 | <0.001 |
| Aspirin (%) | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 0.511 |
| Statins (%) | 14.6 | 9.4 | 20.7 | <0.001 |
| Insulin (%) | 30.7 | 33.7 | 22.8 | <0.001 |
| Oral glycemic agents (%) | 34.2 | 33.2 | 36.8 | 0.13 |
| Exercise data* | ||||
| Peak heart rate (beats/min) | 135 ± 25 | 138 ± 25 | 131 ± 25 | <0.001 |
| Peak systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 183 ± 32 | 188 ± 33 | 176 ± 31 | <0.001 |
| Peak diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 86 ± 16 | 89 ± 16 | 82 ± 15 | <0.001 |
| Peak METs (3.5 ml O2 · kg−1 · min−1) | 6.4 ± 2.3 | 6.3 ± 2.0 | 6.5 ± 2.6 | 0.001 |
Data are means ± SD.
↵*P values represent comparisons between African Americans and Caucasians.