Mean difference in intermediate outcomes by ethnicity and number of comorbid conditions
| Blood pressure (mmHg) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measure | Systolic* | Diastolic† | A1C (%)† | Cholesterol (mmol/L)† |
| Ethnic group comorbidity | ||||
| White | ||||
| 0 (reference) | 0 | — | — | — |
| 1 concordant | 4.6 (3.0–6.1)‡ | — | — | — |
| ≥2 concordant | 1.5 (−0.3 to 3.3) | — | — | — |
| ≥1 discordant | −1.4 (−3.5 to 0.8) | — | — | — |
| Black | ||||
| 0 | 0.9 (−0.9 to 2.9) | — | — | — |
| 1 concordant | 5.9 (4.3–7.6)‡ | — | — | — |
| ≥2 concordant | 6.2 (3.8–8.5)‡ | — | — | — |
| ≥1 discordant | −3.1 (−6.7 to 0.3) | — | — | — |
| South Asian | ||||
| 0 | −2.3 (−4.2 to −0.3)§ | — | — | — |
| 1 concordant | 2.6 (−0.5 to 5.3) | — | — | — |
| ≥2 concordant | 1.4 (−0.8 to 3.6) | — | — | — |
| ≥1 discordant | −4.2 (−7.5 to −0.9)§ | — | — | — |
| Ethnic group | ||||
| White (reference) | — | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Black | — | 1.3 (0.7–1.9)‡ | 0.3 (0.1–0.4)‡ | −0.04 (−0.1 to 0.02) |
| South Asian | — | −0.5 (−1.2 to 0.2) | 0.2 (0.04 to 0.3)‡ | −0.2 (−0.2 to −0.1)‡ |
| Comorbidities, number | ||||
| 0 (reference) | — | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1 concordant | — | 1.5 (0.9–2.1)‡ | −0.2 (−0.3 to −0.1)‡ | −0.1 (−0.2 to −0.1)‡ |
| ≥2 concordant | — | −0.1 (−0.9 to 0.6) | −0.2 (−0.4 to −0.1)|| | −0.3 (−0.4 to −0.2)‡ |
| ≥1 discordant | — | −1.0 (−2.0 to −0.6)§ | −0.1 (−0.3 to 0.1) | −0.0 (−0.1 to 0.0) |
Values are adjusted for age, sex, diabetes duration, BMI, socioeconomic status, and practice level clustering.
Mean values are presented with the 95% CI in parenthesis.
↵*Interaction between ethnicity and comorbidity (P = 0.03).
↵†Interaction between ethnicity and comorbidity (P > 0.05).
↵‡P < 0.001;
↵§P < 0.05;
||P < 0.01.