Table 1

Baseline characteristics

Liraglutide groupPlacebo groupP value
N (% males)18 (61)18 (72)0.48
HbA1c, % (mmol/mol)8.8 ± 0.2 (72.5 ± 2.2)8.7 ± 1.4 (71.8 ± 1.5)0.80
BMI, kg/m224.17 ± 0.6422.75 ± 0.410.08
Weight, kg75.83 ± 2.8974.89 ± 1.660.78
Diabetes duration, years18.33 ± 2.019.56 ± 1.60.64
Hypoglycemic awareness status,* % aware83780.29
Basal insulin, IU/day34.5 ± 2.433.5 ± 3.60.82
Bolus insulin, IU/day27.5 ± 3.223.6 ± 1.70.29
Age, years39.5 ± 2.736.1 ± 1.60.30
Total cholesterol, mmol/L4.6 ± 0.24.4 ± 0.10.41
HDL, mmol/L1.7 ± 0.11.5 ± 0.10.12
LDL, mmol/L2.5 ± 0.22.4 ± 0.10.68
VLDL, mmol/L0.45 ± 0.040.53 ± 0.080.46
Triacylglycerol, mmol/L1.0 ± 0.11.2 ± 0.10.49
GAD-65, positive/negative11/6†12/60.90
ICA, positive/negative1/13‡2/14§0.66
Blood pressure, mmHg
 Systolic129.4 ± 2.5127.3 ± 2.20.5
 Diastolic75.5 ± 1.772.5 ± 1.40.2
Heart rate, bpm73.2 ± 2.269.7 ± 2.10.27
C-peptide (pmol/L)‖11.2 ± 4.67.6 ± 3.70.55

  • Variables are described as mean ± SE or as number (percentages), as appropriate.

  • ICA, pancreatic islet-cell antibodies.

  • ↵*Classified by the Clarke method (26).

  • ↵†Data missing for 1 patient.

  • ↵‡Data missing for 4 patients.

  • ↵§Data missing for 2 patients.

  • ↵‖Stimulated plasma C-peptide (see text).