Table 3

Subgroup analyses of the incidence of diabetic retinopathy by intervention group in the PREDIMED trial after a median 6.1 years of follow-up

	Events/total			HR (95% CI)		P for interaction^†
	MedDiet+EVOO	MedDiet+Nuts	Control group	MedDiet+EVOO	MedDiet+Nuts	EVOO	EVOO+Nuts
Sex
Male	9/574	10/593	8/540	0.76 (0.28–2.04)	0.82 (0.31–2.16)	0.38	0.33
Female	13/708	10/549	24/650	0.46 (0.23–0.92)	0.51 (0.24–1.08)
Age, years*
<70	18/790	14/729	17/709	0.84 (0.42–1.66)	0.74 (0.36–1.54)	0.20^*	0.38^*
≥70	4/492	6/413	15/481	0.24 (0.07–0.73)	0.47 (0.17–1.26)
BMI, kg/m²
<30	15/689	11/630	12/608	1.00 (0.46–2.18)	0.80 (0.34–1.86)	0.59^*	0.74^*
≥30	7/596	9/512	20/582	0.26 (0.10–0.62)	0.50 (0.23–1.12)
Hypertension
No	7/308	5/292	14/268	0.35 (0.14–0.89)	0.31 (0.10–0.90)	0.62	0.28
Yes	15/974	15/850	18/922	0.70 (0.34–1.42)	0.90 (0.45–1.82)
Dyslipidemia
No	13/518	14/469	18/485	0.60 (0.28–1.23)	0.78 (0.38–1.62)	0.86	0.47
Yes	9/764	6/673	14/705	0.50 (0.20–1.17)	0.41 (0.16–1.10)
MedDiet adherence at baseline (0 to 14 score)
<10	11/841	15/735	24/878	0.47 (0.23–0.97)	0.75 (0.38–1.48)	0.10	0.18
≥10	11/441	5/407	8/312	0.68 (0.26–1.79)	0.31 (0.09–1.09)

All models are fully adjusted for the confounders shown in model 1 in Table 2 and stratified by center.
↵†Two interactions were assessed: only for the effect of MedDiet+EVOO (1 degree of freedom) and for both groups (2 degrees of freedom).
↵*The interactions with age and BMI were assessed using age and BMI as continuous variables.