Percentage of individuals with prediabetes reporting metformin use by criteria for metformin use
| Risk factors for prediabetes | n* | N† | % (SE) on metformin‡ |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prediabetes by IFG, IGT, HbA1c, or self-report | 91 | 7,652 | 0.8 (0.8) |
| Prediabetes based on IGT alone | 1 | 285 | 0.8 (0.8) |
| Prediabetes based on IFG alone | 0 | 1,577 | 0 |
| Prediabetes based on HbA1c 5.7–6.4% alone | 18 | 3,065 | 0.6 (0.2) |
| Prediabetes based on HbA1c 6.0–6.4% alone | 13 | 1,411 | 0.9 (0.3) |
| Self-reported prediabetes alone | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| BMI ≥35 kg/m2 | 33 | 1,316 | 1.9 (0.5) |
| IFG and IGT + risk factor§ | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| IGT + risk factor‖ | 1 | 190 | 1.1 (1.0) |
| IFG + risk factor‖ | 0 | 1,178 | 0 |
| HbA1c 5.7–6.4% + risk factor‖ | 13 | 2,101 | 0.7 (0.2) |
| Self-reported prediabetes + risk factor‖ | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| IFG and IGT + risk factor‖ + HbA1c 6.0–6.4% | 0 | 179 | 0 |
IFG, impaired fasting glucose; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance.
↵*Represents unweighted n for those treated with metformin.
↵†Represents unweighted n for those treated or not treated with metformin.
↵‡Represents weighted percentage.
↵§2007 guidelines risk factors: age <60 years, BMI ≥35 kg/m2, family history of diabetes, elevated triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, hypertension, or HbA1c ≥6%. We defined elevated triglycerides as ≥150 mg/dL and low HDL cholesterol as <40 mg/dL based on Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines (30).
↵‖2017 guidelines risk factors: age <60 years, BMI ≥35 kg/m2, or history of gestational diabetes mellitus (not available in this data set) and rising HbA1c despite lifestyle intervention (not available in this data set).