Table 1

Characteristics of studies included in the primary meta-analysis

CountryN*N with T2DAge (years)Female sex (%)Baseline BMI (kg/m2)Duration of T2D (years)Implant duration (weeks)Pre-DJBL HbA1c (%)Post-DJBL HbA1c (%)Pre-DJBL weight (kg)Post-DJBL weight (kg)
Cohort studies
 Betzel 2017the Netherlands18518552 ± 84935.1 ± 4.38 [1–36]468.3 ± 3.67.7 ± 3.6107.1 ± 17.794.3 ± 16.7
 Cohen 2013Sweden161650 ± 273830.0 ± 3.6528.6 ± 0.87.5 ± 1.682.1 ± 18.076.2 ± 17.2
 de Jonge 2013the Netherlands171751 ± 81837.0 ± 5.4248.4 ± 0.87.0 ± 0.8116.0 ± 23.9103.3 ± 21.3
 de Moura 2012Brazil222246 ± 118644.8 ± 7.4428.9 ± 1.76.6 ± 1.4121.8 ± 27.4101.6 ± 20.6
 Escalona 2012Chile39636 ± 108043.7 ± 5.952Decreased by 1.0 ± 1.5Decreased by 17.1 ± 10.5
 Kaválková 2016Czech Republic303033–653342.7 ± 6.613.0 ± 4.2409.0 ± 3.97.2 ± 3.4129.7 ± 24.1117.3 ± 23.6
 Rohde 2017Denmark19950 ± 2038.6 ± 6.63.0 ± 4.0266.7 ± 3.16.8 ± 3.2109.4 ± 18.4103.6 ± 18.0
 Stratmann 2016**Germany161650 ± 81948.8 ± 8.59.0 ± 6.1528.2 ± 3.07.0 ± 3.0
 Vilarrasa 2017Spain212154 ± 104333.4 ± 1.914.8 ± 8.5529.1 ± 1.37.8 ± 1.791.3 ± 12.378.4 ± 11.5
RCTs
 Gersin 2010**U.S.47
  DJBL21945 ± 77146.0 ± 5.0127.7 ± 2.57.2 ± 2.1
  Sham26643 ± 108946.0 ± 6.0127.6 ± 1.36.8 ± 0.2
 Koehestanie 2014the Netherlands73
  DJBL343450 ± 123834.6 ± 4.25.0 ± 3.7248.3 ± 1.07.0 ± 0.8105.4 ± 13.394.8 ± 18.1
  Control393949 ± 83636.8 ± 7.05.0 ± 3.0248.3 ± 0.97.9 ± 1.3110.8 ± 21.7105.5 ± 33.9
 Rodriguez 2009Chile18
  DJBL121245 ± 76738.9 ± 5.93.5 ± 2.524Decreased by 2.4 ± 2.4Decreased by 10.2 ± 3.9
  Sham6651 ± 135039.0 ± 7.24.2 ± 2.124Decreased by 0.8 ± 1.0Decreased by 7.3 ± 8.6
 Schouten 2010**the Netherlands37
  DJBL26840.9 ± 10.08548.9 ± 5.4128.8 ± 1.77.7 ± 1.8
  Control11241.2 ± 9.78249.2 ± 5.9127.3 ± 0.16.9 ± 0.6
 Tarnoff 2009**Chile39
  DJBL25338.0 ± 10.16042.0 ± 5.1127.2 ± 0.96.6 ± 0.8
  Control14143.0 ± 10.65740.0 ± 3.51212.67.8

  • Data are presented as means, means ± SD, median [range], or range unless otherwise indicated.

  • ↵*Number of patients who successfully underwent DJBL implantation.

  • ↵**No weight data on the diabetes subgroup.