Features of false-negative and false-positive images for referable DR in the internal validation data set
| Features | No. | Proportion |
|---|---|---|
| False-negative images | ||
| IRMA | 34 | 77.3 |
| PRP laser scar | 4 | 9.1 |
| Blurred preretinal hemorrhage | 3 | 6.8 |
| Questionable new vessels | 3 | 6.8 |
| Total | 44 | 100 |
| False-positive images | ||
| Retinal disorders | ||
| Background DR | 482 | 85.6 |
| AMD | 10 | 1.8 |
| Myopic maculopathy | 7 | 1.2 |
| Silicone oil–filled eyes | 5 | 0.9 |
| Retinal vessel occlusion | 2 | 0.4 |
| Retinal detachment | 2 | 0.4 |
| Others | 9 | 1.5 |
| Subtotal | 517 | 91.8 |
| Normal fundus | ||
| With artifacts | 21 | 3.8 |
| Without artifacts | 25 | 4.4 |
| Subtotal | 46 | 8.2 |
| Total | 563 | 100 |
AMD, age-related macular degeneration; IRMA, intraretinal microvascular abnormality; PRP, peripheral retinal photocoagulation.